15. FINANCING AGREEMENTS

Lines of Credit - Trading Credit Facility

On December 21, 2021, the Company entered into a three-year committed facility provided by a syndicate of financial institutions (the “Trading Credit Facility”), with a total revolving commitment of up to $350.0 million and with a termination date of December 21, 2024. As of June 30, 2025, the Trading Credit Facility has since been amended to add new lenders and modify certain terms and conditions, including increasing the incremental facility feature to $190 million, eliminating provisions whereby lenders under certain conditions could require repayment of all obligations outstanding under the Trading Credit Facility within 10 days on demand, extend the maturity date to September 30, 2026, and increase the total facility to $467.0 million. In August 2025, the Trading Credit Facility was further amended; see Note 20 for additional information.

The Trading Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets on a first priority basis and is guaranteed by all of the Company's subsidiaries. The Trading Credit Facility currently bears interest at the daily SOFR rate plus an applicable margin of 236 basis points. As of June 30, 2025, the interest rate on our Trading Credit Facility was approximately 6.9% and the daily SOFR rate was approximately 4.5%.

The Trading Credit Facility provides the Company with the liquidity to buy and sell billions of dollars of precious metals annually. We routinely use funds drawn under the Trading Credit Facility to purchase metals from our suppliers and for operating cash flow purposes. Our CFC subsidiary also uses the funds drawn under the Trading Credit Facility to finance certain of its lending activities.

Borrowings totaled $345.0 million and $245.0 million at June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. The amounts available under the respective lines of credit are determined at the end of each week and at each month end following a specified borrowing base formula. The Company is able to access additional credit as needed to finance operations, subject to the overall limits of the borrowing facilities and lender approval of the borrowing base calculation. Based on the month end borrowing bases in effect, the availability under the Trading Credit Facility, after taking into account current borrowings, totaled $99.1 million and $145.5 million as determined on June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. As of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the remaining unamortized balance of loan costs was approximately $3.5 million and $3.4 million, respectively.

The Trading Credit Facility contains various covenants, all of which the Company was in compliance with as of June 30, 2025.

Interest expense related to the Company’s Trading Credit Facility totaled $26.6 million, $24.3 million, and $15.9 million, which represents 57.5%, 61.4%, and 50.3% of the total interest expense recognized for the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The Trading Credit Facility carried a daily weighted-average effective interest rate of 8.7%, 8.5%, and 7.2% for the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Notes Payable - AMCF Notes

In September 2018, AM Capital Funding, LLC (“AMCF”), previously a wholly-owned subsidiary of CFC, completed an issuance of Secured Senior Term Notes (collectively, the "AMCF Notes"): Series 2018-1, Class A (the “Class A Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $72.0 million and Secured Subordinated Term Notes, Series 2018-1, Class B (the “Class B Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $28.0 million. The Class A Notes bore interest at a rate of 4.98% and the Class B Notes bore interest at a rate of 5.98%. The AMCF Notes were repaid in full in December 2023; AMCF was dissolved in June 2024.

Prior to its dissolution in June 2024, AMCF was a VIE because its initial equity investment may have been insufficient to maintain its ongoing collateral requirements without additional financial support from the Company. The Company was the primary beneficiary of this VIE because the Company had the right to determine the type of collateral (i.e., cash, secured loans, or precious metals), had the right to receive (and had received) the proceeds from the securitization transaction, earned ongoing interest income from the secured loans (subject to collateral requirements), and had the obligation to absorb losses should AMCF's interest expense and other costs have exceeded its interest income.

For the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, interest expense related to the AMCF Notes (including loan amortization costs) totaled $0.0 million, $2.5 million, and $5.7 million, which represents 0.0%, 6.3%, and 17.9% of the total interest expense recognized by the Company, respectively.

Prior to repayment, the AMCF Notes' weighted-average effective interest rate was 5.9%.

Leaseback Financing Obligation

As part of the acquisition of AMS in April 2025, the Company assumed a leaseback financing obligation related to AMS's offices in Eagan, Minnesota. The original transaction, entered into by AMS in August 2024, involved the sale of the property followed by a leaseback arrangement. Due to certain economic terms of the lease, the transaction did not qualify for sale-leaseback accounting. Under

a failed sale-leaseback arrangement, the property is accounted for as property, plant, and equipment, and the lease is accounted for as a financing obligation.

The carrying amount of the leaseback financing obligation as of June 30, 2025 was $7.6 million, with a remaining term of 15 years and an effective interest rate of 8.6%. The obligation is secured by the underlying property, which had a net book value of $8.3 million as of June 30, 2025. Future minimum payments under the arrangement total $12.6 million, with $0.7 million due within the next 12 months and the remainder spread over the subsequent 14 years. These payments include both principal and interest components, consistent with the terms of the financing obligation. The Company has recorded the current portion of this obligation within accrued liabilities and the noncurrent portion within other liabilities in its consolidated balance sheet, with related interest expense recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The total interest expense incurred during the year ended June 30, 2025 was $0.2 million.

Notes Payable — Related Party

See Note 14.

Liabilities on Borrowed Metals and Precious Metals Leases

The Company recorded liabilities on borrowed metals with market values totaling $46.1 million and $32.0 million as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively, which were included in inventories on the consolidated balance sheet.

Precious metals leases valued at $246.5 million and $99.6 million as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively, were included in deferred revenue and other advances on the consolidated balance sheet.

For the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, the interest expense related to liabilities on borrowed metals and precious metals leases totaled $5.2 million, $2.0 million, and $1.9 million, which represents 11.2%, 5.0%, and 5.9% of the total interest expense recognized by the Company, respectively. The weighted-average effective interest rate related to liabilities on borrowed metals and precious metals leases was 3.4%, 2.9%, and 3.0% for the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Liabilities on Borrowed Metals

Liabilities may also arise from: (i) unallocated metal positions held by customers in the Company’s inventory, (ii) amounts due to suppliers for the use of their consigned inventory, and (iii) shortages in unallocated metal positions held by the Company in the supplier’s inventory, and (iv) advanced pool metals borrowed under short-term agreements using other precious metals from its inventory as collateral. Unallocated or pool metal represents an unsegregated inventory position that is due on demand, in a specified physical form, based on the total ounces of metal held in the position. Amounts due under these arrangements require delivery either in the form of precious metals or in cash.

Precious Metals Leases

The Company leases precious metals from its suppliers and customers under short-term arrangements, in which the lease terms and interest rates are established at lease inception. The Company has the ability to sell the pool metals advanced. These arrangements can be settled by repayment in similar metals or in cash.

Product Financing Arrangements

The Company has agreements with third-party financial institutions which allow the Company to transfer its gold and silver inventory at an agreed-upon price, which is based on the spot price. Such agreements allow the Company to repurchase this inventory upon demand at an agreed-upon price based on the spot price on the repurchase date. The third-party charges a monthly fee as a percentage of the market value of the outstanding obligation; such monthly charges are classified in interest expense. These transactions do not qualify as sales, and therefore have been accounted for as financing arrangements and are reflected in the consolidated balance sheet as product financing arrangements. The obligation is stated at the amount required to repurchase the outstanding inventory. Both the product financing obligation and the underlying inventory (which is entirely restricted) are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded as a component of cost of sales in the consolidated statements of income. Such obligations totaled $484.7 million and $517.7 million as of June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

For the years ended June 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, the interest expense related to product financing arrangements totaled $13.6 million, $9.9 million, and $6.9 million, which represents 29.3%, 25.0%, and 21.7% of the total interest expense recognized by the Company, respectively.